Perry P J
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1982 Oct;16(10):740-4. doi: 10.1177/106002808201601003.
Lithium-induced nephrotoxicity was first predicted in laboratory animals more than 30 years ago. Evidence in humans, however, did not begin to accumulate until the 1970s. By 1977, anecdotal information was available to suggest that lithium intoxication was not necessarily a prerequisite for the development of nephrotoxicity and that renal damage also could occur as a result of chronic lithium therapy. Since then, several factors have been identified that could influence the risk of nephrotoxicity during treatment with lithium. These include number of daily doses, type of lithium formulation, and the incidence of renal disease in patients with manic-depressive illness.
30多年前，实验动物中首次预测到锂诱导的肾毒性。然而，直到20世纪70年代，人类中的相关证据才开始积累。到1977年，有轶事信息表明，锂中毒不一定是肾毒性发生的先决条件，慢性锂治疗也可能导致肾损伤。从那时起，已经确定了几个可能影响锂治疗期间肾毒性风险的因素。这些因素包括每日剂量、锂制剂类型以及躁郁症患者的肾病发病率。
