Lawrence R A
Pediatrics. 1982 Dec;70(6):912-20.
The results of a mail survey conducted among pediatricians, obstetricians, family practitioners, and nurses, and results of an adjunct survey conducted among hospital administrators are presented. According to the findings, breast-feeding is advocated by physicians; however, the topic is not always initiated, so the mother is influenced by other sources. Supplementary foods and vitamins are advocated to varying degrees and not necessarily in keeping with present knowledge about nutrition. Physicians are willing to counsel mothers regarding problems with breast-feeding and feel that further physician encouragement is necessary for more breast-feeding or longer breast-feeding. Mothers should have an opportunity during pregnancy, while they are in the hospital, and postnatally to learn as much as they can about feeding methods. The obstetrician can initiate earlier discussion with the mother on feeding methods and can assume a more aggressive role in initiating this discussion. In the hospital, a mother who chooses to breast-feed can be assisted in having a successful breast-feeding experience by spending as much time as possible with her infant starting with the period immediately following birth. Postnatally, physicians can encourage successful breast-feeding and breast-feeding of longer duration by not encouraging the early initiation of supplements and solid foods. The increasing trend in breast-feeding can best be facilitated by these positive actions taken by physicians, nurses, and health care facilities.
本文呈现了一项针对儿科医生、产科医生、家庭医生和护士开展的邮件调查结果，以及一项针对医院管理人员开展的辅助调查结果。根据调查结果，医生提倡母乳喂养；然而，这个话题并不总是被主动提及，所以母亲会受到其他信息来源的影响。辅食和维生素的提倡程度各不相同，且不一定与当前的营养知识相符。医生愿意就母乳喂养问题为母亲提供咨询，并认为需要医生给予更多鼓励以增加母乳喂养率或延长母乳喂养时间。母亲在孕期、住院期间及产后都应有机会尽可能多地了解喂养方法。产科医生可以更早地与母亲展开关于喂养方法的讨论，并在发起此类讨论时发挥更积极的作用。在医院里，选择母乳喂养的母亲可以通过从出生后立即开始尽可能多地与婴儿相处，从而获得成功的母乳喂养体验。产后，医生可以通过不鼓励过早添加辅食和固体食物来促进成功母乳喂养并延长母乳喂养时间。医生、护士和医疗机构采取的这些积极行动能够最好地推动母乳喂养率上升的趋势。
