Gebel K, Hornstein O P
Z Hautkr. 1982 Oct 1;57(19):1389-96.
The medical documents of 17.250 inpatients admitted to the Dermatological Department between 1970 and 1980 have retrospectively been examined concerning the frequency and clinical types of drug-induced side effects on the oral mucosa. Among 4.766 inpatients with registered side effects (27.63% to the total) there were 187 (3.92%) exhibiting drug-induced oral lesions. These conditions included, with decreasing prevalence rates, various types of enanthemas, mucosal oedemas, and erythema multiforme exsudativum, whereas other side effects (denture sore mouth, allergic contact stomatitis, lichenoid lesions, etc.) have been observed less frequently. Among the drugs involved analgetics, antiphlogistics and anti-infective ones prevailed being followed by psychopharmaca and dental materials. In 91 our of 121 inpatients, the causative allergen(s) could be ascertained by allergologic examinations (mostly by epi- or intracutaneous testing, or controlled drug exposition). Middle-aged inpatients, in comparison to the total of inpatients, suffered overproportionally from drug-induced oral side effects.
对1970年至1980年间皮肤科收治的17250名住院患者的医疗文件进行了回顾性检查,以了解药物引起的口腔黏膜副作用的发生率和临床类型。在4766名有记录副作用的住院患者中(占总数的27.63%),有187名(3.92%)出现药物性口腔病变。这些病症包括各种类型的口腔疹、黏膜水肿和渗出性多形红斑,其发生率呈递减趋势,而其他副作用(义齿性口炎、过敏性接触性口炎、苔藓样病变等)的发生率较低。涉及的药物中,镇痛药、抗炎药和抗感染药占主导,其次是精神药物和牙科材料。在121名住院患者中,有91名患者的致敏原可通过过敏检查确定(主要通过表皮或皮内试验,或对照药物暴露试验)。与住院患者总数相比,中年住院患者药物性口腔副作用的发生率过高。