Cooper R S, Goldberg R B, Trevisan M, Tsong Y, Liu K, Stamler J, Rubenstein A, Scanu A M
Atherosclerosis. 1982 Sep;44(3):293-305. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(82)90004-1.
In a cross-over experiment the effect of short-term vegetarianism on serum lipids, lipoproteins and apoproteins was studied. The experimental diet was free of animal products, with the exception of skim milk, and consequently low in saturated fat and cholesterol. Fifteen free-living individuals were randomly assigned to 3-week periods on either the experimental diet or a control diet which closely approximated the usual intake in the U.S.A. Significant reductions in total cholesterol (12.5%), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (14.7%), and apo B (13.2%) were observed, accompanied by a non-significant decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (10%), apo A-I (3%) and a non-significant increase in apo-II (4%). These data suggest that a fat-modified diet low in total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol, and moderate (not high) in polyunsaturated fat may not lower HDL-C or its apoproteins as much as a diet high in polyunsaturated fat, while having similar effects on LDL-C, and would therefore be preferable as the basis for primary prevention of atherosclerosis.
在一项交叉试验中，研究了短期素食对血清脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白的影响。实验饮食不含动物制品，但脱脂牛奶除外，因此饱和脂肪和胆固醇含量较低。15名自由生活的个体被随机分配，分别接受为期3周的实验饮食或对照饮食，对照饮食与美国的通常摄入量相近。结果观察到总胆固醇（降低12.5%）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（降低14.7%）和载脂蛋白B（降低13.2%）显著降低，同时高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（降低10%）、载脂蛋白A-I（降低3%）有不显著下降，载脂蛋白-II（升高4%）有不显著升高。这些数据表明，一种总脂肪、饱和脂肪和胆固醇含量低，多不饱和脂肪含量适中（而非高）的脂肪改良饮食，对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及其载脂蛋白的降低作用可能不如多不饱和脂肪含量高的饮食，而对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇有类似影响，因此作为动脉粥样硬化一级预防的基础可能更可取。
