Hartman P S, Herman R K
Genetics. 1982 Oct;102(2):159-78. doi: 10.1093/genetics/102.2.159.
Nine rad (for abnormal radiation sensitivity) mutants hypersensitive to ultraviolet light were isolated in the small nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The mutations are recessive to their wild-type alleles, map to four of the six linkage groups in C. elegans and define nine new games named rad-1 through rad-9. Two of the mutants--rad-1 and rad-2--are very hypersensitive to X rays, and three--rad-2, rad-3 and rad-4--are hypersensitive to methyl methanesulfonate under particular conditions of exposure. The hypersensitivity of these mutants to more than one DNA-damaging agent suggests that they may be abnormal in DNA repair. One mutant--rad-5, a temperature-sensitive sterile mutant--shows an elevated frequency of spontaneous mutation at more than one locus; rad-4, which shows a cold-sensitive embryogenesis, reduces meiotic X-chromosome nondisjunction tenfold and partially suppresses some but not all mutations that increase meiotic X-chromosome nondisjunction; the viability of rad-6 hermaphrodites is half that of rad-6 males at 25 degrees; and newly mature (but not older) rad-8 hermaphrodites produce many inviable embryo progeny. Meiotic recombination frequencies were measured for seven rad mutants and found to be close to normal.
在小型线虫秀丽隐杆线虫中分离出了9个对紫外线敏感的rad（异常辐射敏感性）突变体。这些突变相对于其野生型等位基因是隐性的，定位于秀丽隐杆线虫6个连锁群中的4个，并定义了9个新基因，命名为rad - 1至rad - 9。其中两个突变体——rad - 1和rad - 2——对X射线非常敏感，另外三个——rad - 2、rad - 3和rad - 4——在特定暴露条件下对甲基磺酸甲酯敏感。这些突变体对多种DNA损伤剂的敏感性表明它们可能在DNA修复方面存在异常。一个突变体——rad - 5，是一个温度敏感的不育突变体——在多个位点显示出自发现突变频率升高；rad - 4表现出冷敏感胚胎发育，将减数分裂X染色体不分离减少了10倍，并部分抑制了一些但不是所有增加减数分裂X染色体不分离的突变；在25摄氏度时，rad - 6雌雄同体的活力是rad - 6雄性的一半；新成熟（但不是较老的）rad - 8雌雄同体产生许多不可存活的胚胎后代。对7个rad突变体的减数分裂重组频率进行了测量，发现接近正常。
