Durand V M
J Autism Dev Disord. 1982 Sep;12(3):243-51. doi: 10.1007/BF01531370.
The effects of haloperidol and a mild punishment on the severe self-injurious behavior and several collateral behaviors of a 17-year-old profoundly retarded male were assessed. A 12-month analysis using a withdrawal design suggested that neither the medication nor the behavioral intervention alone was effective in significantly reducing the frequency of self-injurious behavior. When combined, however, these interventions produced dramatic reductions in the subject's self-injurious behavior. The haloperidol may have acted as a "setting event" for the successful use of the punishment. Suppression of this behavior was maintained at 6 months and 1 year following the end of the analysis. The collateral behaviors were differentially affected by the behavioral and pharmacological interventions. Time spent in bed and the appearance of drooling increased with the introduction of the haloperidol, while percent correct on a fine-motor task increased only when the interventions were applied simultaneously. The results point out the importance of a careful behavioral analysis for both pharmacological and behavioral interventions and their possible combined actions.
评估了氟哌啶醇和轻度惩罚措施对一名17岁重度智障男性严重自伤行为及几种伴随行为的影响。采用撤药设计进行的为期12个月的分析表明，单独使用药物或行为干预都无法显著降低自伤行为的频率。然而，当两者结合时，这些干预措施使该受试者的自伤行为大幅减少。氟哌啶醇可能起到了成功实施惩罚措施的“背景事件”的作用。在分析结束后的6个月和1年，这种行为的抑制效果得以维持。伴随行为受到行为和药物干预的不同影响。服用氟哌啶醇后，卧床时间和流口水现象增加，而只有在同时应用干预措施时，精细运动任务的正确百分比才会增加。结果指出了对药物和行为干预及其可能的联合作用进行仔细行为分析的重要性。
