Gogel W C, Griffin B W
Perception. 1982;11(2):187-99. doi: 10.1068/p110187.
Induced motion is not limited to continuous motions presented on a frontoparallel plane. Experiments were conducted to investigate several varieties of induced motion to which theories of induced motion must apply. The observer indicated the perceived path of motion of a vertically moving test point to which induced motion at right angles to the physical motion was added by the motion of two inducing points. In experiment 1 all motions (both apparently and physically) were in a frontoparallel plane. It was found that discrete displacement as well as continuous motion of the test and inducing points produced substantial amounts of induction. In experiment 2 the inducing points were continuously moved in stereoscopic distance rather than remaining in an apparent frontoparallel plane. A large amount of apparent motion in depth was found in the vertically moving test point and was interpreted as an induced motion in depth. In experiment 3 an alternative interpretation of the phenomenon of experiment 2, in terms of an apparent vergence for the two images of the test point, was investigated and found to be unlikely. In experiment 4, with all the points moving continuously in a frontoparallel plane, eye motions as well as induced motions were measured, with the observer fixating either the test point or an inducing point. Substantial amounts of induction were obtained under both conditions of fixation. The consequences of these findings for theories of induced motion are discussed.
诱导运动并不局限于额状平行面上呈现的连续运动。开展了多项实验来研究诱导运动的几种变体，诱导运动理论必须适用于这些变体。观察者指出了一个垂直移动的测试点的感知运动路径，两个诱导点的运动为其添加了与物理运动成直角的诱导运动。在实验1中，所有运动（无论是表观运动还是物理运动）都在额状平行平面内。结果发现，测试点和诱导点的离散位移以及连续运动都会产生大量的诱导现象。在实验2中，诱导点在立体距离上连续移动，而不是停留在表观的额状平行平面内。在垂直移动的测试点中发现了大量的深度表观运动，并被解释为深度诱导运动。在实验3中，对实验2的现象进行了另一种解释，即根据测试点的两个图像的表观辐辏来解释，结果发现这种解释不太可能成立。在实验4中，所有点都在额状平行平面内连续移动，测量了眼睛运动以及诱导运动，观察者要么注视测试点，要么注视诱导点。在两种注视条件下都获得了大量的诱导现象。讨论了这些发现对诱导运动理论的影响。
