Müller H, Stoyanov M, Brähler A, Hempelmann G
Anaesthesist. 1982 Nov;31(11):604-10.
The haemodynamic effects of intravenous tramadol (two different doses: 0.75 mg/kg b.w. or 1.5 mg/kg b.w.) during artificial ventilation with oxygen and nitrous oxide were investigated in 20 female patients before the start of operation. Haemodynamic changes were characterized by a moderate increase in blood pressure concerning systemic as well as pulmonary circulation. These effects were due to a rise in peripheral and pulmonary vascular resistance. Application of tramadol immediately after the end of operation (n = 20:10 patients following neuroleptanalgesia and 10 patients after anesthesia with halothane) led to a slight antagonizable decrease in respiratory frequency and respiratory amplitude as well as increase in paCO2. While during conventional pain-therapy no haemodynamic and respiratory side-effects of tramadol could be demonstrated, the typical qualities of opiates (postoperative ventilatory embarrassment) and unspecific adrenergic effects have to be taken into account after use of high doses for anaesthetic purposes.
在20名女性患者手术开始前，研究了静脉注射曲马多（两种不同剂量：0.75毫克/千克体重或1.5毫克/千克体重）在氧气和一氧化二氮人工通气期间的血流动力学效应。血流动力学变化的特征是全身及肺循环血压适度升高。这些效应是由于外周和肺血管阻力增加所致。手术结束后立即应用曲马多（n = 20：10例接受神经安定镇痛的患者和10例接受氟烷麻醉的患者）导致呼吸频率和呼吸幅度略有可拮抗的下降以及动脉血二氧化碳分压升高。虽然在传统疼痛治疗期间未显示曲马多的血流动力学和呼吸副作用，但在用于麻醉目的使用高剂量后，必须考虑阿片类药物的典型特性（术后通气窘迫）和非特异性肾上腺素能效应。
