van Mill G, Moulaert A, Harinck E, Wenink A, Oppenheimer-Dekker A
Pediatr Cardiol. 1982;3(4):319-23. doi: 10.1007/BF02427034.
Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed on a patient with criss-cross atrioventricular (AV) relationship and ventriculo-arterial discordance. A systematic approach from the subcostal area revealed the complex cardiac pathology including the criss-cross AV relationship of right and left heart, indicating that this very abnormal relationship can be identified echocardiographically. The echocardiographic findings were confirmed by angiocardiography. Post-mortem investigation showed that much of the complexity, including the criss-cross AV relationship, had been caused by a secondary leftward torsion of the entire ventricular part of the heart.
