Carminati M, Valsecchi O, Borghi A, Balduzzi A, Bande A, Crupi G, Ferrazzi P, Invernizzi G
Am J Cardiol. 1987 Jan 1;59(1):114-8. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(87)80082-6.
From August 1982 to October 1985, 8 consecutive patients, aged 4 months to 8 years (mean 2.6), with criss-cross or superoinferior ventricles, or both, were studied. Seven patients had usual atrial arrangement and 1 had mirror-image arrangement. In 5 patients there was atrioventricular (AV) concordance with crossed AV streams, the ventricular septum was horizontal in 4 and sagittal in 1, and the ventriculoarterial connections were discordant in all. The 3 patients with AV discordance had superoinferior ventricles, but a criss-cross AV relation was not present; the ventriculoarterial connections were concordant in 2 and double-outlet right ventricle in 1. The sequential connections and spatial relations of the cardiac chambers, as well as the associated anomalies, were accurately assessed by echocardiography. The diagnosis was confirmed by angiography in all patients, by surgery in 3 and by autopsy in 2.
1982年8月至1985年10月，对8例年龄在4个月至8岁（平均2.6岁）、存在交叉或上下心室或两者皆有的连续患者进行了研究。7例患者心房排列正常，1例为镜像排列。5例患者存在房室（AV）一致伴交叉AV血流，4例室间隔呈水平位，1例呈矢状位，所有患者心室动脉连接均不一致。3例AV不一致的患者有上下心室，但不存在交叉AV关系；2例心室动脉连接一致，1例为右心室双出口。通过超声心动图准确评估了心脏各腔室的连续连接和空间关系以及相关异常。所有患者均通过血管造影确诊，3例通过手术确诊，2例通过尸检确诊。
