Vasilevskaia N E, Nikitina I P
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1978 Sep-Oct;28(5):1027-36.
In experiments on unrestrained carps, a comparative study was made of the analysis of different concentrations of NaCl and HCl (starting with threshold ones) by means of instrumental conditioned reflexes, aimed at eliminating harmful chemical stuffs from water medium. Salt concentrations, in response to which the formation of a conditioned reflex is possible (3--9 mM) are by an order higher than those for the acid (0.3--0.85 mM). The intensity and duration of manifestation of the defensive conditioned reflex depend directly on the strength (concentration) of the chemical stimulus. Cessation of motor conditioned reaction providing for restoration of the optimal conditions of the surrounding takes place when initial concentration of the stimuli in experimental reservoir is reduced to values close to threshold ones, namely to about 2 mM for NaCl and to about 0.2 mM for HCl, i.e. to a minimal concentration compatible with normal vital activity. After extirpation of the forebrain, the fish lose the capacity for active elimination from the surroundings of both salt and acid components.
在对自由游动的鲤鱼进行的实验中，通过工具性条件反射对不同浓度的氯化钠和盐酸（从阈值浓度开始）进行了分析比较研究，目的是从水介质中去除有害化学物质。能够形成条件反射的盐浓度（3-9毫摩尔）比酸的浓度（0.3-0.85毫摩尔）高一个数量级。防御性条件反射表现的强度和持续时间直接取决于化学刺激的强度（浓度）。当实验水槽中刺激物的初始浓度降低到接近阈值的值时，即氯化钠约为2毫摩尔，盐酸约为0.2毫摩尔，也就是降至与正常生命活动相容的最低浓度时，为恢复周围环境的最佳条件而进行的运动性条件反应停止。切除前脑之后，鱼类失去了从周围环境中主动清除盐分和酸成分的能力。
