Vuchinich R E, Bordini E, Tucker J A, Sullwold A F
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1982;9(1):95-104. doi: 10.3109/00952998209002613.
Alcoholic individuals often are assumed to deny personal responsibility for their alcoholism and to attribute causation to external situational factors. To investigate this assumption, in a 2 x 2 factorial design 20 alcoholics and 20 nonalcoholics made causal attributions for a recent personal drinking episode and for the audiotaped episode of a target individual who was described as either an alcoholic or a nonalcoholic. Results suggested that alcoholic subjects tended to make greater internal attributions for their own drinking than did nonalcoholic subjects. Subjects' attributions for the target individual depended on both the subjects' and targets' drinking histories. The results are discussed in terms of their relevance to models of alcoholism and to actor-observer differences in causal attributions.
酗酒者常常被认为否认自己酗酒应负的个人责任，而将其归因于外部环境因素。为了探究这一假设，采用2×2析因设计，让20名酗酒者和20名非酗酒者对自己近期一次个人饮酒事件以及一段录音中目标个体（被描述为酗酒者或非酗酒者）的饮酒事件进行因果归因。结果表明，与非酗酒者相比，酗酒者往往对自己的饮酒行为做出更多的内部归因。受试者对目标个体的归因既取决于受试者自身的饮酒史，也取决于目标个体的饮酒史。本文将根据这些结果与酗酒模型以及因果归因中行为者 - 观察者差异的相关性进行讨论。
