Baumann D J, Obitz F W, Reich J W
Int J Addict. 1982 Feb;17(2):295-303. doi: 10.3109/10826088209071013.
How substance-abusing individuals early and late in treatment explain the problem behavior of other substance abusers is analyzed in attributional terms. Alcoholism was chosen as the problem of interest. Subjects were 42 male alcoholics newly enrolled in a treatment program, 41 male alcoholics nearing the completion of the program, and 46 male nonalcoholic controls. All subjects viewed a videotape interview with an actor who was identified as an alcoholic or not identified. As predicted, early-treatment alcoholics made greater situational attributions to the "alcoholic" and greater dispositional attributions to the "nonalcoholic" actor in comparison to the late-treatment alcoholics and controls. Early-treatment alcoholics, more than late-treatment alcoholics or controls, rated the actor labeled as alcoholic to be more similar to themselves. Discussion focuses on the applicability of attribution theory to problems of substance abuse.
从归因的角度分析了处于治疗早期和晚期的药物滥用者如何解释其他药物滥用者的问题行为。本研究选取酗酒作为感兴趣的问题。研究对象包括42名新加入治疗项目的男性酗酒者、41名即将完成治疗项目的男性酗酒者以及46名男性非酗酒对照组。所有研究对象观看了一段对一名被认定为酗酒者或未被认定为酗酒者的演员的录像采访。正如预测的那样，与晚期治疗的酗酒者和对照组相比，早期治疗的酗酒者对“酗酒者”演员做出了更多的情境归因，对“非酗酒者”演员做出了更多的性格归因。与晚期治疗的酗酒者或对照组相比，早期治疗的酗酒者认为被标记为酗酒者的演员与自己更相似。讨论集中在归因理论对药物滥用问题的适用性上。
