Savings achieved through cephalosporin surveillance.

The process by which a 427-bed, acute-care teaching hospital reduced the cost of cephalosporin therapy is described. During a nine-month surveillance period, cefazolin prescribing patterns were monitored. Of the 674 patients who received cefazolin, 640 (92%) received dosages greater than those recommended in the literature. Attempts were made to alter inappropriate prescribing through pharmacist-physician consultation and through contact with the medical service representative of the company which supplied cefazolin. Because these efforts failed, the pharmacy and therapeutics committee decided to delete cefazolin from the formulary. Cephalothin and cephapirin were found to be clinically similar; therefore, the committee recommended that the less expensive cephapirin be dispensed whenever a parenteral cephalosporin was ordered. Prior to the switch to cephapirin, cefazolin accounted for 49% of all parenteral cephalosporin use and 62% of the cephalosporin cost. Cephalothin and cefazolin were 30% and 88%, respectively, more expensive than cephapirin. In the first year after the switch, the hospital saved $33,196 (28.8% of the previous year's total expenditures for cephalosporins).