岗前培训与工作经验对非专业电话危机咨询师影响的比较

A comparison of the effects of prejob training and job experience on nonprofessional telephone crisis counselors.

作者信息

Elkins R L, Cohen C R

出版信息

Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1982 Summer;12(2):84-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278x.1982.tb00915.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278x.1982.tb00915.x

Abstract

This study, carried out in a telephone crisis intervention program in which nonprofessional volunteer counselors received 55 hours of prejob training, isolates the effects of prejob training and on-the-job experience. Participants in the study were evaluated on several parameters including knowledge, counseling skills, acceptance of others, and dogmatism. Three groups of volunteers were measured: group 1--measured immediately before and after prejob training, group 2--measured just after prejob training, and group 3--measured after five months of telephone counseling experience. Results indicate that counselor skills and knowledge significantly increased with prejob training, but did not show further improvement as a result of five months of experience. Attitudes such as acceptance of others and dogmatism did not change either as a result of training or experience. Dogmatism was found to be inversely related to both counselor skill and knowledge.

摘要

本研究在一个电话危机干预项目中开展，该项目中，非专业志愿者咨询师接受了55小时的岗前培训，研究旨在分离岗前培训和在职经验的效果。研究参与者在多个参数上接受评估，包括知识、咨询技巧、对他人的接纳度和教条主义。对三组志愿者进行了测量：第一组——在岗前培训前后立即进行测量，第二组——在岗前培训刚结束后进行测量，第三组——在有五个月电话咨询经验后进行测量。结果表明，咨询师的技能和知识随着岗前培训显著提高，但在五个月的经验积累后并未进一步提升。诸如对他人的接纳度和教条主义等态度，无论是培训还是经验积累都未使其发生改变。研究发现，教条主义与咨询师的技能和知识均呈负相关。