Horvath S M, Drinkwater B L
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1982 Aug;53(8):790-4.
Four women, aged 20-35 years, exercised at approximately 30% VO2 max in three environments (28 degrees C, 12.6 torr vp; 35 degrees C, 28.0 torr vp; 48 degrees C, 8.7 torr vp) during three stages at the menstrual cycle: ovulation, luteal phase, and flow. Cycle phase was confirmed by hormone analysis for estradiol-17B and progesterone in venous blood samples. Although pre-exposure care temperature and oxygen uptake were higher in the luteal phase, these differences disappeared under the combined influence of exercise and heat stress. Exercise heart rate, care temperature, and sweat rate were similar in all cycle phases. Oxygen uptake, ventilatory volume, cardiac output, stroke volume, blood electrolytes, blood pressure, body weight, and tolerance time were unaffected by cycle phase. In the 28 degrees C environment, mean skin temperature and forearm blood flow were lower in the luteal phase than during flow, but this difference was not observed in 35 degrees C or 48 degrees C. A greater relative decrease in plasma volume was observed in the luteal phase following exercise in 48 degrees C than during flow. However, the overall response of women to exercise and heat stress during three phases of the menstrual cycle suggest that minor cyclic alterations in physiological systems apparent at rest are masked by the demands of the activity and the environment.
四名年龄在20至35岁之间的女性，在月经周期的三个阶段（排卵期、黄体期和经期）于三种环境（28摄氏度，水汽压12.6托；35摄氏度，水汽压28.0托；48摄氏度，水汽压8.7托）中以约30%的最大摄氧量进行锻炼。通过对静脉血样本中的雌二醇-17β和孕酮进行激素分析来确认周期阶段。尽管黄体期的预暴露护理温度和摄氧量较高，但在运动和热应激的综合影响下，这些差异消失了。所有周期阶段的运动心率、护理温度和出汗率相似。摄氧量、通气量、心输出量、每搏输出量、血液电解质、血压、体重和耐受时间不受周期阶段的影响。在28摄氏度的环境中，黄体期的平均皮肤温度和前臂血流量低于经期，但在35摄氏度或48摄氏度时未观察到这种差异。在48摄氏度环境中运动后，黄体期的血浆量相对减少幅度大于经期。然而，女性在月经周期三个阶段对运动和热应激的总体反应表明，休息时生理系统中明显的微小周期性变化被活动和环境的需求所掩盖。
