Ichinose Tomoko K, Inoue Yoshimitsu, Hirata Mari, Shamsuddin A K M, Kondo Narihiko
Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Faculty of Human Development, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
Exp Physiol. 2009 Jan;94(1):90-102. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.043810. Epub 2008 Oct 22.
We investigated the effects of short-term endurance training and detraining on sweating and cutaneous vasodilatation during exercise in young women, taking into account changes in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the phase of the menstrual cycle. Eleven untrained women participated in endurance training; cycle exercise at approximately 60% VO2max for 60 min day(-1), 4-5 days week(-1) (30 degrees C, 45% relative humidity) for three complete menstrual cycles. The standard exercise test consisted of exercise at 50% VO2max for 30 min (25 degrees C, 45% relative humidity), and was conducted before training (Pre), during training sessions (T1, T2 and T3) and after cessation of training (D1 and D2). Values of VO2max increased significantly from 32.7 +/- 1.2 to 37.8 +/- 1.2 ml min(-1) kg(-1) at the end of the training. Local sweat rate in the chest and thigh, but not in the back and forearm, were significantly greater during T1 and T2 only in women who started training from the midfollicular phase. Cutaneous blood flow did not change with training. The threshold oesophageal temperatures for heat loss responses were significantly decreased during T1 versus Pre (averaged values for each body site: sweating, 37.49 +/- 0.08 versus 37.22 +/- 0.12 degrees C; and cutaneous vasodilatation, 37.40 +/- 0.07 versus 37.17 +/- 0.10 degrees C) and maintained through T3; the sensitivities of heat loss responses were not altered. These changes returned to the Pre level by D1. Our data indicate that physical training improves heat loss responses by decreasing the threshold temperatures and that these effects occur within a month of training and disappear within a month after cessation of training. The degree of increase in sweating with training differs among body sites and might be affected by the phase of the menstrual cycle.
我们研究了短期耐力训练和停训对年轻女性运动期间出汗和皮肤血管舒张的影响，并考虑了最大摄氧量（VO2max）的变化以及月经周期阶段。11名未经训练的女性参加了耐力训练；在大约60%VO2max的强度下进行自行车运动，每天60分钟，每周4 - 5天（30摄氏度，相对湿度45%），持续三个完整的月经周期。标准运动测试包括在50%VO2max强度下运动30分钟（25摄氏度，相对湿度45%），分别在训练前（Pre）、训练期间（T1、T2和T3）以及训练停止后（D1和D2）进行。训练结束时，VO2max值从32.7±1.2显著增加到37.8±1.2毫升·分钟⁻¹·千克⁻¹。仅在从中卵泡期开始训练的女性中，胸部和大腿的局部出汗率在T1和T2期间显著更高，而背部和前臂则不然。皮肤血流量并未随训练而改变。与Pre相比，T1期间热散失反应的食管温度阈值显著降低（每个身体部位的平均值：出汗，37.49±0.08对37.22±0.12摄氏度；皮肤血管舒张，37.40±0.07对37.17±0.10摄氏度），并在T3期间保持；热散失反应的敏感性未改变。这些变化在D1时恢复到Pre水平。我们的数据表明，体育训练通过降低阈值温度改善热散失反应，且这些影响在训练后一个月内出现，停训后一个月内消失。训练时出汗增加的程度因身体部位而异，可能受月经周期阶段的影响。
