Johnston L, Nash D J
J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol. 1982;2(4):265-76.
Paddle is a lethal, single recessive gene mutation in the mouse which results in a large median cleft palate and chondrodystrophy. Comparative cephalometric measurements on the growth of the normal and paddle fetal craniofacial complexes were made to determine the cause of cleft palate in paddle. Two methods of cephalometric measurements were used with 20 parameters analyzed. Both methods revealed a reduction in maxillary and mandibular growth, and a reduced cranial base angle which did not allow forward movement of the tongue under the primary palate, and hence obstructed shelf movement.
“桨状”是小鼠体内一种致命的单隐性基因突变，会导致严重的正中腭裂和软骨发育不良。对正常和“桨状”胎儿颅面复合体的生长进行了比较性头影测量，以确定“桨状”腭裂的病因。使用了两种头影测量方法，分析了20个参数。两种方法均显示上颌和下颌生长减少，颅底角减小，这使得舌头无法在原发腭下方向前移动，从而阻碍了腭突运动。
