Berning C K, Griffith J F, Wild J E
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1982 Jan-Feb;2(1):44-8. doi: 10.1016/s0272-0590(82)80063-8.
Research was conducted among young children to determine whether or not the bitter tasting substance denatonium benzoate added to liquid detergents would effectively reduce the risk that large quantities of such products might be ingested. The research design involved essentially no risk to the young subjects and was approved by an Institutional Review Board prior to initiation. The value of an effective deterrent material is apparent based on the number of reported ingestions of detergent products each year. Denatonium benzoate was chosen as a potential deterrent based on its existing uses in alcohol as a denaturant and in thumb-sucking and nail-biting deterrent products. In the present research, 108 children ranging in age from 18 to 47 months were offered a drink of either a dilute soapy tasting solution or that same solution with denatonium benzoate added. The results showed that for the liquid containing denatonium benzoate, significantly less liquid was ingested, significantly fewer subjects accepted a second taste, and significantly more subjects displayed behavior indicating immediate and intense aversion to the taste of denatonium benzoate. The data indicate that the addition of denatonium benzoate to a liquid detergent would be expected to significantly reduce, but most likely not eliminate, the probability of an accidental ingestion involving multiple swallows by a young child.
针对幼儿开展了一项研究，以确定添加到液体洗涤剂中的苦味物质苯甲地那铵是否能有效降低幼儿大量摄入此类产品的风险。该研究设计对幼儿受试者基本没有风险，且在研究开始前已获机构审查委员会批准。基于每年报告的洗涤剂产品摄入事件数量，有效威慑物质的价值显而易见。苯甲地那铵被选为潜在威慑剂，是基于其在酒精中用作变性剂以及在用于阻止吮拇指和咬指甲的产品中的现有用途。在本研究中，向108名年龄在18至47个月之间的儿童提供了一杯稀释的肥皂味溶液或添加了苯甲地那铵的相同溶液。结果显示，对于含有苯甲地那铵的液体，摄入的液体量显著减少，接受第二次品尝的受试者显著减少，且有更多受试者表现出对苯甲地那铵味道立即产生强烈厌恶的行为。数据表明，在液体洗涤剂中添加苯甲地那铵有望显著降低，但很可能无法消除幼儿意外多次吞咽洗涤剂的可能性。
