Jerger S, Lewis S, Hawkins J, Jerger J
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1980 Sep;2(3):217-30. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(80)90047-6.
Normal children between 3 and 7 years of age generated word and sentence messages for use in a new speech intelligibility test. Word materials did not differ as a function of chronological age, vocabulary skills, or receptive language ability. Sentence materials, however, did reflect differences in chronological age, vocabulary skills, and receptive language skills. Older children, approximately 5-10 years, responded with complete, adult-like sentences. Younger children, approximately 3-10 years, responded with either a proform substituted for the noun phrase subject of a sentence or by omitting the auxiliary verb "be" in forming the present progressive verb tense of the sentence. To represent the differences in the children's responses, two different types of test sentences were formed. In one construction, the test sentence is composed of (noun phrase/verb-ing/noun phrase), preceded by the carrier phrase "show me", e.g., "Show me a bear brushing his teeth". In the other construction, the test sentence is composed of (noun phrase/auxiliary verb-ing/noun phrase), e.g., "A bear is brushing his teeth". The two different sentence forms are proposed as a means of equating differences in normal language development among children.
3至7岁的正常儿童生成了用于一项新的言语可懂度测试的单词和句子信息。单词材料不会因实际年龄、词汇技能或接受性语言能力而有所不同。然而，句子材料确实反映了实际年龄、词汇技能和接受性语言技能方面的差异。年龄较大的儿童（约5至10岁）会用完整的、类似成人的句子做出回应。年龄较小的儿童（约3至10岁）则会用替代句子名词短语主语的替代词来回应，或者在构成句子的现在进行时动词时态时省略助动词“be”。为了体现儿童回应中的差异，构建了两种不同类型的测试句子。在一种结构中，测试句子由（名词短语/动词-ing/名词短语）组成，前面有载体短语“给我看”，例如“给我看一只正在刷牙的熊”。在另一种结构中，测试句子由（名词短语/助动词-ing/名词短语）组成，例如“一只熊正在刷牙”。这两种不同的句子形式被提议作为一种平衡儿童正常语言发展差异的方法。
