Marvola M, Lehmussaari L, Niinimäki L
Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30(10):1631-4.
The aim of the present study was to extend our earlier research into the effect of osmotic pressure on the intestinal absorption of drugs. In the experiments rats and an in situ technique were used. Sulfafurazol and ethanol were test substances and osmotic pressure was adjusted by NaCl, KNO3 or Na2SO4. From the results it was concluded that if all other factors are excluded the effect of the osmotic pressure of the vehicle is such that an isotonic solution has the best extent of bioavailability. Bioavailability decreases both when osmotic pressure decreases and when it increases. However, the decreasing effect of hypertonic solutions is stronger than that of hypotonic solutions. Although NaCl, KNO3 and Na2SO4, are often mentioned as alternative salts for adjusting osmotic pressure they are not equal in respect of their ability to alter the absorption of a drug.
本研究的目的是扩展我们早期关于渗透压对药物肠道吸收影响的研究。实验中使用了大鼠和原位技术。磺胺异恶唑和乙醇为受试物质，通过氯化钠、硝酸钾或硫酸钠调节渗透压。从结果得出结论，如果排除所有其他因素，载体渗透压的影响使得等渗溶液具有最佳的生物利用度范围。当渗透压降低或升高时，生物利用度均会降低。然而，高渗溶液的降低作用比低渗溶液更强。尽管氯化钠、硝酸钾和硫酸钠常被提及作为调节渗透压的替代盐，但它们在改变药物吸收的能力方面并不相同。
