Blagg N A, Gleckman R A
Postgrad Med. 1981 Mar;69(3):59-68. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1981.11715701.
Although erythromycin was introduced into clinical medicine more than 28 years ago, the indications for its use continue to expand. This antibiotic has emerged as appropriate therapy for Legionnaires' disease, chronic bacterial prostatitis caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus species, enteritis and colitis produced by Campylobacter fetus, and soft tissue and pleuropulmonary anaerobic infections in which Bacteroides fragilis plays no role. In combination with an aminoglycoside, erythromycin has proven to be effective for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing elective colon surgery. Additional therapeutic indications continue to be explored. The renewed interest in erythromycin has resulted in a closer examination of its potential for toxicity. New untoward events attributed to erythromycin administration have been described. This antibiotic has produced both reversible hearing loss and pseudomembranous colitis. Erythromycin also possesses the ability to inhibit the degradation of theophylline.
尽管红霉素在28多年前就已应用于临床医学，但其使用指征仍在不断扩大。这种抗生素已成为治疗军团病、由大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和变形杆菌属引起的慢性细菌性前列腺炎、胎儿弯曲菌引起的肠炎和结肠炎以及脆弱拟杆菌不参与的软组织和胸膜肺厌氧菌感染的合适疗法。与氨基糖苷类药物联合使用时，红霉素已被证明对接受择期结肠手术的患者进行围手术期抗生素预防有效。其他治疗指征仍在不断探索。对红霉素重新产生的兴趣导致人们更仔细地研究其潜在毒性。已经描述了归因于红霉素给药的新的不良事件。这种抗生素已导致可逆性听力丧失和假膜性结肠炎。红霉素还具有抑制茶碱降解的能力。
