Cox D R, Francke U, Epstein C J
Am J Hum Genet. 1981 Jul;33(4):495-512.
The technique of two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis was sued to identify five human X-linked gene products in crude cell extracts of mouse-human and Chinese hamster-human somatic cell hybrids. The human origin of these five polypeptides was demonstrated by their comigration with human fibroblast proteins and their failure to comigrate with polypeptides in extracts from the mouse or hamster parental cells. All five polypeptides were present in extracts of rodent-human hybrids that contained a human X chromosome, but were not found in extracts of cells that lacked a human X chromosome. Chromosome analysis of the hybrid clones revealed that the human X chromosome is both necessary and sufficient for the expression of the five polypeptides, designated pX-24, pX-27, pX-37, pX-40, and pX-56. pX-56 can be identified as the human X-linked enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) (E.C.1.1.1.49), while polypeptides pX-24, pX-27, pX-37 and pX-40 have molecular properties unlike those of known human X-linked gene products. pX-24 appears to be a membrane-bound protein that maps to the distal portion of the long arm of the human X chromosome, while pX-27, pX-37, and pX-40 are soluble proteins that map to the proximal long arm or to the short arm of the human X chromosome. 2-D gel electrophoretic analysis of extracts from somatic cell hybrids provides a general method for identifying polypeptides in crude cell extracts coded for by any specific chromosome and can be used to study primary gene products not previously amenable to genetic analysis.
二维（2-D）凝胶电泳技术被用于在小鼠-人及中国仓鼠-人体细胞杂种的粗细胞提取物中鉴定五种人类X连锁基因产物。这五种多肽的人类来源通过它们与人类成纤维细胞蛋白的共迁移以及它们与小鼠或仓鼠亲本细胞提取物中的多肽不共迁移得以证明。所有这五种多肽都存在于含有人类X染色体的啮齿动物-人类杂种的提取物中，但在缺乏人类X染色体的细胞提取物中未发现。对杂种克隆的染色体分析表明，人类X染色体对于这五种被命名为pX-24、pX-27、pX-37、pX-40和pX-56的多肽的表达既是必要的也是充分的。pX-56可被鉴定为人类X连锁酶葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）（E.C.1.1.1.49），而多肽pX-24、pX-27、pX-37和pX-40具有与已知人类X连锁基因产物不同的分子特性。pX-24似乎是一种膜结合蛋白，定位于人类X染色体长臂的远端部分，而pX-27、pX-37和pX-40是可溶性蛋白，定位于人类X染色体长臂近端或短臂。对体细胞杂种提取物的二维凝胶电泳分析提供了一种用于鉴定由任何特定染色体编码的粗细胞提取物中多肽的通用方法，并且可用于研究以前无法进行遗传分析的初级基因产物。
