Shanks R D, Freeman A E, Dickinson F N
J Dairy Sci. 1981 Apr;64(4):683-8. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(81)82630-6.
More than 17,000 events from 1,305 lactations of 551 cows in two herds were analyzed to quantify the distribution of costs and disorders of health during a lactation. Categories were mammary, reproduction, locomotion, digestion, respiration, other, insemination, and total. The largest costs and most disorders were associated with initiation of lactation rather than period of peak daily milk yield. Mammary and reproductive costs were 71% of total health cost in the first 30 days postpartum. Mammary and reproductive costs were 55% of the total health cost in an average 30-day interval. Insemination cost was 50% of the total health cost between 60 to 89 days postpartum. Parturition and extended days open were periods of large reproductive cost. Postpartum distributions of health cost and health disorders were similar implying that the prices assigned for severity added little information to counting disorders.
对两个牛群中551头奶牛的1305次泌乳期内的17000多个事件进行了分析，以量化泌乳期内的成本分布和健康问题。分类包括乳腺、繁殖、运动、消化、呼吸、其他、授精和总计。最大的成本和大多数问题与泌乳开始有关，而不是与日产奶量峰值期有关。产后前30天，乳腺和繁殖成本占总健康成本的71%。在平均30天的时间段内，乳腺和繁殖成本占总健康成本的55%。产后60至89天期间，授精成本占总健康成本的50%。分娩和延长的空怀天数是繁殖成本较高的时期。产后健康成本和健康问题的分布相似，这意味着为严重程度设定的价格对于计算问题而言几乎没有增加额外信息。
