Novaes-Ledieu M, Garcia Mendoza C
Can J Microbiol. 1981 Aug;27(8):779-87. doi: 10.1139/m81-121.
The hyphal walls of Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus campestris fruiting bodies were isolated and purified. Quantitative analyses revealed that these walls consisted mainly of carbohydrates (78.3-79.2%), lipids (9.9-10.1%), and proteins (8.7-10.2%). The major components of carbohydrate polymers were glucose, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucosamine. In addition, small quantities of galactose and mannose have been found. N-Acetylglucosamine and glucosamine were identified chemically and enzymatically, and also by infrared spectrum and X-ray diffraction analyses, as chitin and chitosan. Neutral polysaccharides include an alkali-soluble glucan with alpha (1-3) linkages and a beta (1-3)- and beta (1-6)-linked glucan. The lipid fractions in both hyphal walls contained precursors of melanin, this pigment being largely represented in Agaricus spore walls. Amino acids analyses indicate that structural wall proteins were very similar in both organisms. In electron micrographs of ultrathin sections of hyphae no distinct layering was apparent in contrast with spore walls of the same organism, which show two wide well-defined layers.
双孢蘑菇和田野蘑菇子实体的菌丝壁被分离和纯化。定量分析表明，这些壁主要由碳水化合物（78.3 - 79.2%）、脂质（9.9 - 10.1%）和蛋白质（8.7 - 10.2%）组成。碳水化合物聚合物的主要成分是葡萄糖、N - 乙酰葡糖胺和葡糖胺。此外，还发现了少量的半乳糖和甘露糖。通过化学、酶法以及红外光谱和X射线衍射分析鉴定出N - 乙酰葡糖胺和葡糖胺分别为几丁质和壳聚糖。中性多糖包括具有α（1 - 3）连接的碱溶性葡聚糖以及β（1 - 3）和β（1 - 6）连接的葡聚糖。两种菌丝壁中的脂质部分都含有黑色素的前体，这种色素在蘑菇孢子壁中大量存在。氨基酸分析表明，两种生物体的结构壁蛋白非常相似。与同一生物体的孢子壁不同，在菌丝超薄切片的电子显微照片中没有明显的分层现象，孢子壁显示出两个宽的清晰界定的层。
