Wagenknecht L V
Urologe A. 1982 Mar;21(2):112-4.
A flexible choledochoscope of 5.7 mm diameter and a bronchoscope of 4.8 mm diameter were used in 60 patients for intraoperative pyeloscopy and stone removal. Intrarenal inspection ensures that a kidney is free of stones. In a further six patients small calculi were removed via a nephrostoma or ureterostoma. Flexible urethro-cystoscopy may be indicated particularly in the intensive care patient, following trauma or surgery upon the pelvis or the hips, and in cases with coxarthrosis, following implantation of semirigid penile prostheses and for urethral stricture. A flexible endoscope of 2.3 mm may be used via a 24 Fr. cystoscope for inspection of the ureter and the upper renal calix. This procedure allowed for preoperative differential diagnosis between tumor, stone, papilla or vascular compression within the ureter or upper calix in seven patients.
60例患者术中使用直径5.7毫米的可弯曲胆管镜和直径4.8毫米的支气管镜进行肾盂镜检查和取石。肾内检查可确保肾脏无结石。另有6例患者通过肾造口术或输尿管造口术取出小结石。可弯曲尿道膀胱镜检查尤其适用于重症监护患者、骨盆或髋部创伤或手术后患者、患有髋关节炎患者、植入半刚性阴茎假体后患者以及尿道狭窄患者。可通过24F膀胱镜使用直径2.3毫米的可弯曲内窥镜检查输尿管和肾上盏。该操作对7例患者进行了术前鉴别诊断，以区分输尿管或上盏内的肿瘤、结石、乳头或血管压迫。
