Huland H, Busch R, Wahls W
Urologe A. 1982 May;21(3):153-6.
The causes of the high incidence of vesicoureteral reflux in 161 patients with end stage renal disease was studied. In about half of these patients with pyelonephritis, reflux in combination with urinary tract infections is the cause of renal failure. Reflux is therefore found more often in this specific group. The incidence of reflux correlates with the duration of uremia. Reflux also is more common in patients with little or no diuresis. Theories of reflux into the "unused ureter" are discussed.
对161例终末期肾病患者输尿管膀胱反流高发的原因进行了研究。在这些患有肾盂肾炎的患者中，约一半患者的反流合并尿路感染是肾衰竭的病因。因此，在这一特定群体中反流更为常见。反流的发生率与尿毒症的持续时间相关。反流在少尿或无尿的患者中也更为常见。文中讨论了尿液反流至“未使用输尿管”的理论。
