Chan J M
Paediatrician. 1980;9(3-4):210-9.
The child life therapist utilizes play techniques with hospitalized children for preparation and integration before and after medical procedures and surgery. Unstructured and structured play sessions enable children to anticipate threatening events and mobilize their coping behaviors. Through manipulating appropriate play materials including miniature-size medical equipment, children communicate if facts of preparation have been understood, misinterpreted or denied. Concrete play experiences (e.g., doctor puppet play), enable children to understand hospital routines and sequences of events. Sensory experiences (e.g., needle play), help them dramatize situations and to adopt changes of role from passive to active ones. Opportunities for play after procedures (particularly intrusive ones) and surgery must be made available to clarify any misconceptions and to emphasize the nurturing and healing aspects of treatment. Psychological preparation for necessary procedures and surgery through play results in children enduring and cooperating more readily and have more trust in all medical personnel.
儿童生活治疗师运用游戏技巧，帮助住院儿童在医疗程序和手术前后做好准备并实现身心整合。无结构化和结构化的游戏环节能让儿童对威胁性事件有所预期，并调动他们的应对行为。通过操控包括微型医疗设备在内的合适游戏材料，儿童可以传达他们是否理解、误解或否认了准备工作的相关情况。具体的游戏体验（如用木偶扮演医生）能让儿童了解医院的常规流程和事件顺序。感官体验（如玩针具）有助于他们将情境戏剧化，并实现从被动角色到主动角色的转变。必须提供术后（尤其是侵入性操作后）和手术后的游戏机会，以澄清任何误解，并强调治疗中的关爱和治愈作用。通过游戏为必要的医疗程序和手术进行心理准备，能让儿童更易于忍受和配合治疗，并且对所有医护人员更有信任。
