Bickel J W, Sherman C R, Ferguson J, Baker L, Morgan T E
N Engl J Med. 1981 May 21;304(21):1265-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198105213042104.
Since 1968 the number of postdoctoral research fellows with M.D.s or other professional degrees has fallen from about 4100 to 1730 in training each year. By 1980, the number of M.D. postdoctoral fellows entering and completing research training was about 850 per year. During the past 12 years, the number of M.D.-Ph.D. trainees has risen to about 650 in the federal Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP) and about 500 in nonfederal programs. The attrition rate in non-federal M.D.-Ph.D. programs has been shown to be 44 per cent, and that from the MSTP, 9 per cent. When the length of the training program, the attrition rate, and other factors are considered, present trainees will account for about 150 M.D.-Ph.D. graduates annually in the immediate future. Current training programs can meet only about half the estimated national need for physician researchers. The federal M.D.-Ph.D. program should be expanded to ensure that the country's future research and teaching needs will be met.
自1968年以来，拥有医学博士学位或其他专业学位的博士后研究员数量从每年约4100人降至1730人。到1980年，进入并完成研究培训的医学博士博士后研究员数量约为每年850人。在过去12年中，医学博士-哲学博士联合培养学员数量在联邦医学科学家培训项目（MSTP）中增至约650人，在非联邦项目中约为500人。非联邦医学博士-哲学博士联合培养项目的淘汰率为44%，而MSTP项目的淘汰率为9%。考虑到培训项目时长、淘汰率及其他因素，目前的学员在不久的将来每年将产生约150名医学博士-哲学博士毕业生。当前的培训项目仅能满足全国对医师研究人员估计需求的一半左右。应扩大联邦医学博士-哲学博士联合培养项目，以确保满足国家未来的研究和教学需求。
