Mitterauer B
Psychiatr Prax. 1981 Feb;8(1):25-30.
On the basis of an investigation of 17 suicides and 13 attempted suicides which were committed between 1969 and 1979 in the psychiatric department of the Salzburg Mental Hospital, this paper discusses the question of suicide prevention. The emphasis of the present study lies on communication-theoretical considerations. We have found, among other things, that in an attempted suicide the patient unconsciously or (and) consciously manipulates his social context into communication-seeking behaviour (Zuwendungsverhalten), in a suicide, on the other hand, he manipulates it into communication-refusing behavior (Abwendungsverhalten). Although it is surely impossible to prevent all suicides, it must be possible to achieve a reduction of the suicide rate in psychiatric clinics. Concrete proposals to this end are put forward.
基于对1969年至1979年间在萨尔茨堡精神病院精神科发生的17起自杀事件和13起自杀未遂事件的调查，本文探讨了自杀预防问题。本研究的重点在于沟通理论方面的考量。我们发现，除其他情况外，在自杀未遂事件中，患者会无意识地或（和）有意识地将其社会环境转变为寻求沟通的行为（趋近行为），而在自杀事件中，他则将其转变为拒绝沟通的行为（回避行为）。虽然肯定不可能预防所有自杀事件，但在精神病诊所降低自杀率一定是有可能的。为此提出了具体建议。
