Waltimo O, Kaste M, Aho K, Kotila M
Ann Clin Res. 1980 Dec;12(6):326-30.
A prospective study of all stroke cases in the Espoo--Kauniainen area (population 113 000) in South-Finland was carried out during 1972 and 1973 by the WHO stroke register method. 286 stroke patients were registered; 61% of them had a brain infarction, 16% an intracerebral haemorrhage and 15% a subarachnoid haemorrhage. The total incidence was 200/100 000/year after age adjustment of the results to the population of Finland. The incidence of subarachnoid haemorrhage, 23.9/100 000/year was especially high. The mortality within three months was 40%, and that after median follow-up periods of four and six years was 62% and 67% respectively. In the intracerebral haemorrhage group the 3-month mortality was very high (72%), but it did not change during the follow-up period. In the subarachnoid haemorrhage group the 3-month mortality was 43%, which increased slightly, but in the brain infarction group the 3-month mortality of 30% increased steadily up to 66% during the follow-up period. The causes of death after the acute stage were cardiovascular as often as cerebrovascular. After four and six years, 71% of the survivors were fully independent in activities of daily living. After four years 21% had even returned to work. 16% of the survivors were still working after six years.
1972年至1973年期间，采用世界卫生组织中风登记方法，对芬兰南部埃斯波－考尼艾宁地区（人口11.3万）的所有中风病例进行了一项前瞻性研究。登记了286例中风患者；其中61%为脑梗死，16%为脑出血，15%为蛛网膜下腔出血。将结果按芬兰人口进行年龄调整后，总发病率为200/10万/年。蛛网膜下腔出血的发病率尤其高，为23.9/10万/年。三个月内的死亡率为40%，中位随访四年和六年之后的死亡率分别为62%和67%。脑出血组的三个月死亡率非常高（72%），但在随访期间没有变化。蛛网膜下腔出血组的三个月死亡率为43%，略有上升，而脑梗死组的三个月死亡率为30%，在随访期间稳步上升至66%。急性期后的死亡原因中心血管疾病和脑血管疾病一样常见。四年和六年之后，71%的幸存者在日常生活活动中完全独立。四年后，21%的人甚至已经重返工作岗位。六年之后，16%的幸存者仍在工作。
