Dijkhuizen A A, Stelwagen J
Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1981 May 15;106(10):492-6.
Animal diseases continue to cause considerable losses among dairy cattle in the Netherlands. A considerable part is due to mastitis, previously quantified at Dfl. 125.-per average cow present, which would account to as much as Dfl. 165.-at current production and price-levels. A major part is caused by milk which was not produced. Under the present market and price policy, the same price is paid for each kg of milk, whatever the quantity produced per farm. In this situation, the milk which is not produced is therefore valued at the current price of Dfl. 0.60 per kg. If a quota-system were to be imposed per farm, an additional kg of milk would have to be valued at a lower price. Yet the losses due to mastitis and conversely, the profits of reducing the disease, remain almost unchanged in this situation. Instead of increased production per farm, there is a possibility of achieving a similar production per farm with less cows and at reduced cost. Calculations show that when a quota-system is imposed on each farm, the economic profitableness of improved health continues to be important.
动物疾病持续给荷兰的奶牛造成巨大损失。其中很大一部分是由乳腺炎导致的，此前估算每头存栏奶牛因乳腺炎造成的损失为125荷兰盾，按照当前的生产和价格水平，这一损失高达165荷兰盾。很大一部分损失是由于未产出的牛奶造成的。在当前的市场和价格政策下，无论每个农场的牛奶产量如何，每公斤牛奶都支付相同的价格。因此，在这种情况下，未产出的牛奶按当前每公斤0.60荷兰盾的价格估值。如果对每个农场实行配额制度，额外一公斤牛奶的估值将更低。然而，在这种情况下，因乳腺炎造成的损失以及减少疾病带来的利润几乎保持不变。每个农场不是增加产量，而是有可能用更少的奶牛、以更低的成本实现类似的产量。计算表明，当对每个农场实行配额制度时，改善健康状况的经济收益仍然很重要。
