Friedman M H, Meyer R A
Biophys J. 1981 Jun;34(3):535-44. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(81)84866-7.
The Kirkwood formulation of the Stefan-Maxwell equations is used to develop the transport equations for a membrane bounded by nonideal, nondilute solutions. The reflection coefficients for volume flow and solute flow are not equal but are related by a simple expression that depends on the concentration of the bounding solutions. The ratio of the two coefficients is independent of heteroporous membrane structure and the thickness of adjacent boundary layers. Experimental measurements of these reflection coefficients for sucrose transport across Cuprophan verify this relationship; this indicates that the Onsager reciprocal relation, which is assumed by the theory, holds for nonideal, nondilute solutions. The two reflection coefficients may be made operationally identical by a simple redefination of the osmotic driving force.
斯特凡 - 麦克斯韦方程的柯克伍德公式用于推导由非理想、非稀溶液界定的膜的输运方程。体积流和溶质流的反射系数不相等,但通过一个取决于界定溶液浓度的简单表达式相关联。这两个系数的比值与异质多孔膜结构和相邻边界层的厚度无关。对蔗糖通过铜氨膜传输的这些反射系数的实验测量验证了这种关系;这表明该理论所假设的昂萨格互易关系对于非理想、非稀溶液成立。通过对渗透驱动力进行简单的重新定义,可使这两个反射系数在操作上相同。