Mikulecky D C
Biophys J. 1973 Sep;13(9):994-9. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(73)86038-2.
Kedem and Katchalsky introduced an approximation for dilute solutions which requires that the quantity (Deltapi/Deltapi(i))ø(i) be much less than one. Zelman attempted to generalize the reflection coefficient concept to apply to solutions of multiple solutes, both penetrable and impenetrable, of concentrations sufficiently high for the approximation not to work. By simple algebraic manipulation, Zelman introduced a pair of new reflection coefficients, and a third new parameter gamma which he misleadingly calls the "deviation from the dilute solution approximation." It is shown here that the original Kedem-Katchalsky form for the flow equations can be preserved in such a way that no new coefficients need be introduced and an explicit statement of the effect of the dilute solution approximation can be made. There is an option of using a new set of conjugate driving forces for the solute flows or, alternatively, incorporating the nondilute solution correction in the coefficients in a clear way.
凯德姆和卡查尔斯基提出了一种适用于稀溶液的近似方法，该方法要求量(Δπ/Δπ(i))ø(i)远小于1。泽尔曼试图推广反射系数的概念，使其适用于多种溶质的溶液，这些溶质既有可渗透的，也有不可渗透的，且浓度足够高，以至于上述近似方法不再适用。通过简单的代数运算，泽尔曼引入了一对新的反射系数，以及第三个新参数γ，他错误地将其称为“偏离稀溶液近似”。本文表明，流动方程的原始凯德姆-卡查尔斯基形式可以以这样一种方式保留，即无需引入新的系数，并且可以明确说明稀溶液近似的影响。有一种选择是为溶质流使用一组新的共轭驱动力，或者，以一种清晰的方式将非稀溶液校正纳入系数中。
