Einon D F, Humphreys A P, Chivers S M, Field S, Naylor V
Dev Psychobiol. 1981 Jul;14(4):343-55. doi: 10.1002/dev.420140407.
In the rat isolation has both short- and long-term influences upon behavior. Rats isolated at any age will show increases in timidity and aggression, but both effects can be reversed by periods of social housing. However, isolation before 50 days of age has permanent effects upon behavior. We have previously found that rats between 25 and 45 days of age may be protected from the deleterious effects of isolation by short daily periods of social contact if, during these daily contact periods, the rats engage in intense bouts of rough-and-tumble play. In this study we examined the permanence of the effects of isolation on the rat, mouse, guinea pig and gerbil. As predicted by the play hypothesis, species which do not engage in extensive social play do not show permanent deficits if isolated prior to 50 days. Only rats which engage in long bouts of rough-and-tumble play between 20 and 50 days show any permanent behavioral effects of isolation during this period.
在大鼠中，隔离对行为有短期和长期影响。任何年龄段被隔离的大鼠都会表现出胆小和攻击性增加，但这两种影响都可以通过一段时间的群居生活得到逆转。然而，50日龄前的隔离会对行为产生永久性影响。我们之前发现，如果25至45日龄的大鼠在每天短暂的社交接触期间进行激烈的混战游戏，那么它们可以免受隔离的有害影响。在本研究中，我们研究了隔离对大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠和沙鼠的影响的持久性。正如游戏假说所预测的那样，不进行广泛社交游戏的物种在50日龄前被隔离时不会表现出永久性缺陷。只有在20至50日龄之间进行长时间混战游戏的大鼠在此期间会表现出隔离对行为的任何永久性影响。
