Martin R R, Haroldson S K
J Speech Hear Res. 1981 Mar;24(1):59-63.
Fifteen-second samples of speech were recorded from 20 adult stutterers. The samples were played to two groups (I and NI) of unsophisticated observers. The 18 observers in the NI Group were instructed to underline any word that was stuttered. The 18 observers in the I Group also were instructed to underline stuttered words, but these observers were given a "standard definition" of stuttering (Wingate, 1964); repetition of a sound, syllable, or one-syllable word; silent or audible prolongation; or both. On the average, observers who were given a definition of stuttering marked more words as stuttered than observers who were told only to mark stutterings. In addition, the observers for whom stuttering was defined also displayed significantly more variability in terms of the average number of words underlined. Both interobserver and intraobserver agreement were significantly higher for the NI Group than the I Group observers. The data from this and other identification studies were used to support the suggestion that the identification of stuttering is a threshold phenomenon.
从20名成年口吃者那里录制了时长为15秒的语音样本。这些样本播放给两组（I组和NI组）没有经验的观察者听。NI组的18名观察者被要求在任何口吃的单词下面划线。I组的18名观察者也被要求在口吃的单词下面划线，但这些观察者被给予了口吃的“标准定义”（温盖特，1964年）：重复一个音、音节或单音节单词；无声或有声的延长；或两者皆有。平均而言，被给予口吃定义的观察者标记为口吃的单词比只被告知标记口吃情况的观察者更多。此外，被定义了口吃的观察者在平均划线单词数量方面也表现出显著更多的变异性。NI组观察者的观察者间和观察者内一致性都显著高于I组观察者。来自这项研究和其他识别研究的数据被用来支持口吃识别是一种阈值现象的观点。
