Bloodstein O, Grossman M
J Speech Hear Res. 1981 Jun;24(2):298-302.
The speech of five stutterers ranging in age from 3 years, 10 months to 5 years, 7 months was analyzed to determine the types and loci of stutterings. Word repetition was the most frequent feature in three cases and one of the two predominant features in the remaining two cases. Almost without exception, word repetitions occurred at the beginning of syntactic units. A greater proportion of stutterings of all types appeared on the initial words of sentences or clauses than on the other words. In most cases proportionately more function words than control words were stuttered, as were more monosyllabic than polysyllabic words--just the reverse of the usual pattern in older children and adults. The tendency of older stutterers to have more difficulty on initial consonants than initial vowels appeared in only one case. The findings on the properties of stuttered words were interpreted to mean that word-bound factors as such have little influence on the loci of early stutterings. The results as a whole were related to the hypothesis that early stuttering represents mainly a type of difficulty in either the formulation or the execution of syntactic units.
对年龄在3岁10个月至5岁7个月之间的5名口吃者的言语进行了分析，以确定口吃的类型和部位。在3例中，单词重复是最常见的特征，在其余2例中是两个主要特征之一。几乎无一例外，单词重复出现在句法单位的开头。所有类型的口吃中，出现在句子或从句首词上的比例比出现在其他词上的比例更大。在大多数情况下，口吃的功能词比例高于实词，单音节词比多音节词更容易口吃——这与大龄儿童和成年人的通常模式正好相反。只有1例出现年龄较大的口吃者在词首辅音上比在词首元音上更难发音的倾向。对口吃单词属性的研究结果被解释为意味着单词相关因素本身对口吃初期的部位影响很小。总体结果与早期口吃主要代表句法单位构建或执行方面的一种困难这一假设相关。
