Jackson A C, Loring S H, Drazen J M
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Jun;50(6):1286-92. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1981.50.6.1286.
We compared the relative site of airway responses with histamine aerosol and electrical stimulation of the vagi in dogs that were anesthetized, vagotomized, mechanically ventilated, and treated with propranolol. We made measurements of pulmonary resistance by forced oscillations and of dead-space volume as indirect indicators of airway size. Direct measures of airway size were obtained from radiographic bronchograms and from acoustically equivalent airway areas as a function of distance, computed from pulse response data. During vagal stimulation there were marked increases in pulmonary resistance, decreases in dead space, and reduction in acoustic cross-sectional area at all distances. In contrast, after inhalation of enough aerosol histamine to increase pulmonary resistance approximately as much as it did during vagal stimulation, we observed little ro no reduction in dead space and reductions in acoustic cross-sectional area that were most marked in distal airways. The findings were confirmed by the radiographic bronchograms and are consistent with observations reported by others. These observations confirm previous data and demonstrate the utility of this technique for in vivo measurements.
我们比较了在麻醉、迷走神经切断、机械通气并用普萘洛尔治疗的犬中，组胺气雾剂激发与迷走神经电刺激时气道反应的相对部位。我们通过强迫振荡测量肺阻力，并测量死腔容积作为气道大小的间接指标。气道大小的直接测量值来自放射学支气管造影片以及根据脉冲响应数据计算得出的作为距离函数的声学等效气道面积。在迷走神经刺激期间，肺阻力显著增加，死腔减小，且在所有距离处声学横截面积均减小。相比之下，吸入足以使肺阻力增加至与迷走神经刺激时大致相同程度的组胺气雾剂后，我们观察到死腔几乎没有减少，且声学横截面积的减小在远端气道最为明显。这些发现得到了放射学支气管造影片的证实，并且与其他研究人员报告的观察结果一致。这些观察结果证实了先前的数据，并证明了该技术在体内测量中的实用性。
