Morrison S D
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981 Aug;51(2):327-34. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1981.51.2.327.
The increased food intake of rats exposed to cold is the result of increased intake due to cold (cold-specific compartment; A) and decreased intake due to simultaneously decreased body weight (weight-specific compartment; B). The two compartments are evaluated at 5, 13, and 17 degrees C. B is evaluated as the food intake of theoretical, isogravimetric control (identical to cold-exposed rats with respect to body weight and rate of change of body weight and identical to nonexposed rats in all other respects) that takes into account both the change in energy expenditure due to decreased body weight and the energy yield from tissue catabolism represented by change of body weight. A is the observed food intake minus B. A theoretical heat-flow model, in which expected changes in heat flow during cold exposure drive food intake to maintain or restore preexposure body weight status, corroborated the partition derived from experimental data. However, both the experimental results and the heat-flow model imply that the energy density of body weight change is negatively correlated with rate of body weight change. The energy density of weight change is high with high rates of weight loss and low with high rats of weight gain.
暴露于寒冷环境中的大鼠食物摄入量增加，是由于寒冷导致摄入量增加（寒冷特异性部分；A）以及同时体重下降导致摄入量减少（体重特异性部分；B）共同作用的结果。在5℃、13℃和17℃下对这两个部分进行评估。B被评估为理论上的等重力对照组的食物摄入量（该对照组在体重及体重变化率方面与暴露于寒冷环境的大鼠相同，在所有其他方面与未暴露大鼠相同），它同时考虑了由于体重下降导致的能量消耗变化以及由体重变化所代表的组织分解代谢产生的能量。A是观察到的食物摄入量减去B。一个理论热流模型证实了从实验数据得出的划分，在该模型中，寒冷暴露期间预期的热流变化驱动食物摄入量以维持或恢复暴露前的体重状态。然而，实验结果和热流模型都表明体重变化的能量密度与体重变化率呈负相关。体重减轻率高时体重变化的能量密度高，体重增加率高时体重变化的能量密度低。
