Raven P B, Pape G, Taylor W F, Gaffney F A, Blomqvist C G
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1981 Jul;52(7):387-91.
Six young healthy male subjects were studied to evaluate the use of whole body surface cooling (WBSC) as an antiorthostatic intervention. Previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated the perfusion of an Apollo cooling garment with 16 degrees C water produced a significant increase in stroke volume and decrease in heart rate at rest and during lower body negative pressure (LBNP). However, optimal perfusion temperatures have not been determined. The present study examined the effects of WBSC using perfusion of water at a temperature of 10 degrees C. This perfusion temperature produced a greater decrease in mean skin temperature (Tsk) than water at 16 degrees C, -4 degrees C drop compared to -2 degrees C respectively. The hemodynamic effects were also more prominent with 10 degrees C water as shown by the increase in stroke volume of 11% at rest and of 35% during LBNP at -50 torr compared to control measurements at ambient temperature. Heart rates were lowered significantly (8 beats/min) and systolic arterial blood pressure was higher (8 torr). Cooling with 10 degrees C water produced a slight increase in muscle tone, reflected by a small but significant increase (+84 ml/min) in oxygen uptake. These data suggest that WBSC is an effective nonpharmacologic means of controlling preload and deserves further investigation as an antiorthostatic intervention.
对六名年轻健康男性受试者进行了研究，以评估全身表面冷却（WBSC）作为一种抗直立性干预措施的效用。我们实验室之前的研究表明，用16摄氏度的水灌注阿波罗冷却服，在静息状态和下体负压（LBNP）期间，心输出量显著增加，心率降低。然而，最佳灌注温度尚未确定。本研究考察了使用10摄氏度的水进行WBSC的效果。与16摄氏度的水相比，这种灌注温度使平均皮肤温度（Tsk）下降幅度更大，分别下降4摄氏度和2摄氏度。10摄氏度的水的血流动力学效应也更显著，与环境温度下的对照测量相比，静息时心输出量增加11%，在-50托的LBNP期间增加35%。心率显著降低（8次/分钟），收缩期动脉血压升高（8托）。用10摄氏度的水冷却使肌肉张力略有增加，表现为摄氧量小幅但显著增加（+84毫升/分钟）。这些数据表明，WBSC是控制前负荷的一种有效的非药物手段，作为一种抗直立性干预措施值得进一步研究。
