Carpenter F G
Br J Pharmacol. 1981 Aug;73(4):837-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1981.tb08736.x.
1 Micturition responses by a group of 17 rats wee recorded during a water diuresis. During a 2 h period, uniform volumes of urine were passes at regular intervals; the mean of the voiding responses by each animal was consistent from one water loading period to another. Residual urine volumes were physiologically insignificant. 2 Atropine treatment did not compromise seriously micturition by water-loaded rats. Treated animals micturated more frequently; the mean volume was 68% of control. The residual urine volume was equal to that of controls. 3 Several week after the surgical removal of half the motor innervation of the bladder, there was no significant effect on micturition. Mean voiding volumes were not different from those of controls; residual urine volumes were the same as before denervation. 4 After half the innervation of the bladder had been destroyed. The effect of atropine on micturition was enhanced. Volumes passes were 50% of control; large residual volumes remained when micturition was over. Only in this group could bladder distension be found. 5 It is concluded that functional responses of the rat urinary bladder are not only resistant to atropine but also to the sizeable reduction in the number of neuroeffector units in the bladder itself. The functional reserve of the rat bladder musculature is remarkably high when assessed by its ability to empty adequately.
在水利尿过程中记录了一组17只大鼠的排尿反应。在2小时期间，每隔一定时间排出均匀体积的尿液；每只动物排尿反应的平均值在每次水负荷期间都保持一致。残余尿量在生理上无显著意义。
阿托品处理并未严重损害水负荷大鼠的排尿功能。处理后的动物排尿更频繁；平均尿量为对照组的68%。残余尿量与对照组相等。
在手术切除膀胱一半运动神经支配后的几周内，对排尿没有显著影响。平均排尿量与对照组无差异；残余尿量与去神经支配前相同。
在膀胱一半的神经支配被破坏后。阿托品对排尿的作用增强。排尿量为对照组的50%；排尿结束后仍有大量残余尿量。只有在这组中才能发现膀胱扩张。
得出的结论是，大鼠膀胱的功能反应不仅对阿托品有抵抗力，而且对膀胱本身神经效应器单位数量的大幅减少也有抵抗力。当通过其充分排空的能力来评估时，大鼠膀胱肌肉组织的功能储备非常高。
