Recurrent childhood poisoning as a family problem.

Childhood poisoning is a leading cause of death in children one to four years of age. This report reviews the recent literature regarding the causes of accidental poisonings and explores the potential for prevention through family centered behavioral intervention. Attributes of the host, agent, and environment related to single and repeat poisoning are highlighted. The children are usually under five years of age and exhibit distinguishing behavioral characteristics. Substances ingested include prescribed and over-the-counter medications or common household substances. Types of poisons, toxicity, and availability do not differ in homes of ingestors and noningestors. However, more major stresses in the family have been identified for ingestors than noningestors. A treatment approach based on social learning theory is proposed.