Rogers J
J Fam Pract. 1981 Sep;13(3):337-40.
Childhood poisoning is a leading cause of death in children one to four years of age. This report reviews the recent literature regarding the causes of accidental poisonings and explores the potential for prevention through family centered behavioral intervention. Attributes of the host, agent, and environment related to single and repeat poisoning are highlighted. The children are usually under five years of age and exhibit distinguishing behavioral characteristics. Substances ingested include prescribed and over-the-counter medications or common household substances. Types of poisons, toxicity, and availability do not differ in homes of ingestors and noningestors. However, more major stresses in the family have been identified for ingestors than noningestors. A treatment approach based on social learning theory is proposed.
儿童中毒是1至4岁儿童死亡的主要原因。本报告回顾了有关意外中毒原因的近期文献，并探讨了通过以家庭为中心的行为干预进行预防的可能性。重点强调了与单次和重复中毒相关的宿主、毒物和环境的特征。儿童通常不满五岁，表现出独特的行为特征。摄入的物质包括处方药、非处方药或常见家用物品。中毒者家庭和未中毒者家庭的毒物类型、毒性和可得性并无差异。然而，已确定中毒者家庭比未中毒者家庭承受更多重大压力。本文提出了一种基于社会学习理论的治疗方法。
