Ku D N, Greene P R
Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1981 Jul;58(7):528-35. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198107000-00003.
In the axially myopic eyeball, the posterior hemisphere is distended and the sclera is thinner in this region. One hypothetical mechanism is that high intraocular pressures cause an irreversible stretching of this region. For irreversible stretching to occur, the sclera must be stressed beyond the elastic limit. This paper presents a biaxial stress-strain curve for rabbit sclera and defines a plastic yield point. Experimental evidence is presented which demonstrates that cyclic pulses of high intraocular pressure can cause irreversible deformation. A mathematical equation is developed which successfully predicts creep rate (i.e., deformation rate) of an eye subjected to short duration pulses of high intraocular pressure. This relation holds for frequencies of cyclic pressures which vary over two orders of magnitude, and over a wide range of temperatures and pressures.
在轴性近视眼球中，后半球扩张，该区域的巩膜更薄。一种假设机制是高眼压导致该区域发生不可逆的拉伸。要发生不可逆拉伸，巩膜必须承受超过弹性极限的应力。本文给出了兔巩膜的双轴应力-应变曲线，并定义了一个塑性屈服点。给出的实验证据表明，高眼压的周期性脉冲可导致不可逆变形。推导了一个数学方程，该方程成功地预测了经受短时间高眼压脉冲作用的眼睛的蠕变率（即变形率）。这种关系适用于周期性压力频率变化超过两个数量级、温度和压力范围广泛的情况。
