Le Dividich J, Noblet J
Biol Neonate. 1981;40(3-4):167-74. doi: 10.1159/000241486.
Colostrum consumption and rectal temperature (RT) have been measured on piglets kept at 18-20 degrees C (CG = cold group) and at 30-32 degrees C (WG = warm group) during the first day of life. At an ambient temperature of 18-20 degrees C, piglets consumed 36.8% less (p less than 0.01) colostrum than their littermates at 30-32 degrees C. There was a positive correlation between birth weight and colostrum intake in both groups of piglets. From birth weight and weight gain measurements, colostrum intake could be accurately predicted (R2 = 0.75). RT of piglets significantly dropped after birth and subsequently rose, the extent of the initial fall and the rate of the subsequent rise birth and subsequently rose, the extent of the initial fall and the rate of the subsequent rise depended on the environmental temperature. RT of CG remained significantly lower than that of WG, and a further significant decrease was found from 15 h after birth in CG. At 18-20 degrees C, a progressive decline of the effect of birth weight and a concomitant increase in the effect of colostrum intake. 5 of the 39 CG died within 3 days after birth, while all 41 WG survived. Results provide evidence for cold stress as a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the neonatal pigs.
在仔猪出生后的第一天，对饲养在18 - 20摄氏度（冷组，CG）和30 - 32摄氏度（暖组，WG）环境中的仔猪进行了初乳摄入量和直肠温度（RT）的测量。在环境温度为18 - 20摄氏度时，仔猪的初乳摄入量比在30 - 32摄氏度环境中的同窝仔猪少36.8%（p < 0.01）。两组仔猪的出生体重与初乳摄入量之间均呈正相关。根据出生体重和体重增加量的测量结果，可以准确预测初乳摄入量（R2 = 0.75）。仔猪出生后直肠温度显著下降，随后上升，初始下降的幅度和随后上升的速率取决于环境温度。冷组仔猪的直肠温度显著低于暖组，且在冷组中，出生后15小时起直肠温度进一步显著下降。在18 - 20摄氏度环境下，出生体重的影响逐渐下降，同时初乳摄入量的影响相应增加。39头冷组仔猪中有5头在出生后3天内死亡，而41头暖组仔猪全部存活。研究结果表明，冷应激是新生仔猪死亡和发病的主要原因。
