Nichols B
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1981 Oct;38(10):1455-8.
The need for establishing standardized education for nursing is discussed. New health needs, patient demands, and technological advances are causing changes in the health-care system that affect the future of nursing. To meet these changes, the American Nurses' Association (ANA) has proposed that the baccalaureate degree be the entry-level degree for future professional nurses. Currently, many nurses' educational competencies are not matched by the suitable job category. This leads to frustration and problems with underutilization and misutilization of nurses that affects the delivery of health-care services. The ANA has proposed a clearer delineation of nurses into two equally valid categories, each of which will include nurses with a specific educational preparation, to alleviate these problems. The nurse educated at the associate degree (diploma) level will be a member of a nursing team and practice within specific limits. The nurse prepared at the baccalaureate level will have a more comprehensive education to help evaluate and design a patient's treatment plan, perform research, coordinate the work of other health personnel, and attain advanced degrees in specialized clinical areas. To answer many of the objections to its proposal, the ANA has emphasized the need for implementing continuing education programs for all nurses and baccalaureate-degree programs for diploma and associate-degree nurses who want to earn that degree. ANA advocates that such programs give credit for the experience and the on-the-job training that registered nurses have had. Establishing standardized education for nursing is proposed as the best means for the profession to be prepared to meet the demands of the future and for the delivery of better health care.
本文讨论了建立标准化护理教育的必要性。新的健康需求、患者需求和技术进步正在促使医疗保健系统发生变革，这些变革影响着护理行业的未来。为了应对这些变化，美国护士协会（ANA）提议将学士学位作为未来专业护士的入门学位。目前，许多护士的教育能力与合适的工作岗位不匹配。这导致了护士的沮丧情绪以及护士利用不足和滥用的问题，进而影响了医疗保健服务的提供。美国护士协会提议将护士更清晰地划分为两个同样合理的类别，每个类别都将包括具有特定教育背景的护士，以缓解这些问题。副学士学位（文凭）水平的护士将成为护理团队的一员，并在特定范围内执业。学士学位水平的护士将接受更全面的教育，以帮助评估和设计患者的治疗方案、开展研究、协调其他医护人员的工作，并在专业临床领域获得更高学位。为了回应许多对其提议的反对意见，美国护士协会强调需要为所有护士实施继续教育项目，并为想要获得该学位的文凭护士和副学士学位护士提供学士学位项目。美国护士协会主张此类项目认可注册护士已有的经验和在职培训。提议建立标准化护理教育是该行业为满足未来需求并提供更好的医疗保健而做好准备的最佳方式。
