Eustis S L, Schwartz L W, Kosch P C, Dungworth D L
Am J Pathol. 1981 Nov;105(2):121-37.
Bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata) were exposed to 0.0, 0.5, or 0.8 ppm ozone for 7, 28, or 90 consecutive days, 8 hours per day. The pulmonary response was evaluated by means of pulmonary function testing, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission microscopy, autoradiography, and morphometry. Pulmonary function values obtained before exposure did not statistically differ from values obtained after exposure. A general trend of increased quasistatic compliance of the lung was observed in both groups of exposed monkeys. Morphologic changes were principally characterized as low-grade chronic respiratory bronchiolitis. Major features were intraluminal accumulations of macrophages and hypertrophy and hyperplasia of cuboidal bronchiolar epithelial cells. The intensity of this inflammatory response was determined by counting the number of intraluminal inflammatory cells per millimeter of respiratory bronchiolar surface. The magnitude of inflammation was greatest at the 0.8 ppm ozone concentration at each exposure period; however, the number of inflammatory cells present at 90 days was less than one half that observed at 7 days, in spite of persistent ozone insult. Tritiated thymidine labeling and counts of respiratory bronchiolar epithelium demonstrated up to a 37-fold increase in labeling index at 7 days but only a sevenfold increase at 90 days. Differential cell counts demonstrated an increase in the proportion of cuboidal bronchiolar cells constituting the respiratory bronchiolar epithelium. In control monkeys, 60% of the epithelial cells were cuboidal bronchiolar cells. At 90 days of exposure, more than 90% of the respiratory bronchiolar cells were cuboidal in appearance. The cuboidal bronchiolar cell in control monkeys does not appear secretory, but membrane-bound electron-dense secretory granules are present in this cell type from exposed monkeys. Epithelial hyperplasia (increased number of cells per millimeter of airway length) persisted through 90 days of exposure at a level slightly above that present at 7 days.
将帽猴（恒河猴）每天暴露于0.0、0.5或0.8 ppm的臭氧环境中，每天8小时，连续暴露7天、28天或90天。通过肺功能测试、光学显微镜检查、扫描电子显微镜检查、透射显微镜检查、放射自显影和形态测量法评估肺部反应。暴露前获得的肺功能值与暴露后获得的值在统计学上没有差异。在两组暴露的猴子中均观察到肺准静态顺应性增加的总体趋势。形态学变化主要表现为轻度慢性呼吸性细支气管炎。主要特征是管腔内巨噬细胞积聚以及立方支气管上皮细胞肥大和增生。通过计算每毫米呼吸性细支气管表面管腔内炎症细胞的数量来确定这种炎症反应的强度。在每个暴露期，炎症程度在0.8 ppm臭氧浓度下最大；然而，尽管持续受到臭氧侵害，但90天时存在的炎症细胞数量不到7天时观察到的数量的一半。氚标记胸腺嘧啶核苷标记和呼吸性细支气管上皮细胞计数显示，7天时标记指数增加高达37倍，但90天时仅增加7倍。细胞分类计数显示，构成呼吸性细支气管上皮的立方支气管细胞比例增加。在对照猴子中，60%的上皮细胞是立方支气管细胞。暴露90天时，超过90%的呼吸性细支气管细胞外观呈立方状。对照猴子中的立方支气管细胞似乎不具有分泌功能，但暴露猴子的这种细胞类型中存在膜结合的电子致密分泌颗粒。上皮增生（每毫米气道长度的细胞数量增加）在暴露90天时持续存在，水平略高于7天时。
