Mathews A, Ridgeway V
Br J Clin Psychol. 1981 Nov;20(4):243-60. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1981.tb00525.x.
Studies concerned with the influence of personality variables on recovery from surgery are critically reviewed. There is some evidence that high levels of neuroticism or trait-anxiety are associated with more distress and slower recovery from surgery. Evidence concerning other personality variables is less conclusive, and those positive associations that have been found may be attributable to overlap between the assessments used and trait-anxiety measures. Further research should involve patient groups that are more homogeneous in terms of sex and type of surgery. Progress in the field would also be furthered by the use of factorially grounded personality measures and standard recovery variables such as pain ratings, respiratory complications or resumption of normal activities. The links which have been found between personality and clinical outcome measures can be explained in terms of effects on subjective distress, or on the patients' involvement in behaviour which may promote recovery, or on physiological and immunological mechanisms.
对有关人格变量对手术恢复影响的研究进行了批判性综述。有证据表明，神经质或特质焦虑水平较高与更多痛苦及手术恢复较慢有关。关于其他人格变量的证据不太确凿，已发现的那些正相关可能归因于所用评估与特质焦虑测量之间的重叠。进一步的研究应涉及在性别和手术类型方面更具同质性的患者群体。使用基于因素的人格测量方法以及疼痛评分、呼吸并发症或恢复正常活动等标准恢复变量也将推动该领域的进展。已发现的人格与临床结果测量之间的联系可以从对主观痛苦的影响、对患者参与可能促进恢复的行为的影响或对生理和免疫机制的影响方面来解释。
