一种制备突触体的快速方法：与其他方法的比较。

A rapid method for preparing synaptosomes: comparison, with alternative procedures.

作者信息

Dodd P R, Hardy J A, Oakley A E, Edwardson J A, Perry E K, Delaunoy J P

出版信息

Brain Res. 1981 Dec 7;226(1-2):107-18. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(81)91086-6.

Abstract

A method for the rapid (1-1.5 h) preparation of nerve ending particles (synaptosomes) from rat cerebral cortex is described. The synaptosome fraction has been characterized by quantitative electron microscopy and enzyme distribution studies. By these criteria, the fraction showed a degree of enrichment in synaptic structures which was comparable to that of the standard (4-5 h) preparation, and substantially better than an alternative fast (2-2.5 h) method. On incubation, synaptosomes obtained by the new procedure accumulated a high tissue concentration of potassium and showed a high, linear rate of oxygen uptake. Depolarization by veratrine caused a significant increase in the rate of respiration and in the release of the physiologically active amino acids; glutamate, aspartate and GABA, as well as a significant reduction in tissue potassium. Thus, the new procedure compared favourably with alternative methods as judged by these indices of metabolic and functional performance. The new preparation method has been found to be of value in metabolic studies of synaptosomes prepared from human post-mortem brain.

摘要

本文描述了一种从大鼠大脑皮层快速（1 - 1.5小时）制备神经末梢颗粒（突触体）的方法。突触体组分已通过定量电子显微镜和酶分布研究进行了表征。根据这些标准，该组分在突触结构中的富集程度与标准（4 - 5小时）制备方法相当，且明显优于另一种快速（2 - 2.5小时）方法。在孵育时，通过新方法获得的突触体积累了高组织浓度的钾，并显示出高的、线性的氧摄取率。藜芦碱引起的去极化导致呼吸速率显著增加以及生理活性氨基酸（谷氨酸、天冬氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸）释放显著增加，同时组织钾显著减少。因此，根据这些代谢和功能性能指标判断，新方法与其他方法相比具有优势。已发现这种新的制备方法在对人死后大脑制备的突触体进行代谢研究中具有价值。