Hegde M N, McConn J
J Speech Hear Disord. 1981 Nov;46(4):353-8. doi: 10.1044/jshd.4604.353.
The study was designed to investigate whether present plural uncontractible forms of auxiliary and copula (are) are members of a single response class. A mentally retarded adult female served as the subject. Within a behavior training, reversal, and reinstatement design, only the uncontractible auxiliary are was trained, reversed, and reinstated using operant training contingencies. On probes, however, sentences involving auxiliary as well as those involving copula were tested. It was found that training the uncontractible auxiliary are was sufficient to induce generalized production of the uncontractible copular are. Subsequently, when the auxiliary production was reversed, the copular production was also reversed. Finally, when the auxiliary production was reinstated, the copular production was automatically reinstated. The results suggest that auxiliary and copula are, although distinct grammatically and developmentally, belong to a single response class. The study also revealed that with the help of operant training and generalization strategies, the subject was able to use the trained features in conversational speech exhibited in her occupational setting.
该研究旨在调查当前助动词和系动词（are）的复数不可缩略形式是否属于单一反应类别。一名成年智障女性作为研究对象。在行为训练、反转和恢复设计中，仅使用操作性训练条件对不可缩略的助动词are进行训练、反转和恢复。然而，在探测测试中，对包含助动词以及系动词的句子都进行了测试。结果发现，对不可缩略的助动词are进行训练足以促使不可缩略的系动词are产生泛化。随后，当助动词的产生情况反转时，系动词的产生情况也随之反转。最后，当助动词的产生情况恢复时，系动词的产生情况也自动恢复。结果表明，助动词和系动词are虽然在语法和发展上有所不同，但属于单一反应类别。该研究还表明，借助操作性训练和泛化策略，研究对象能够在其职业环境中的对话言语中运用所训练的特征。
