Hastings P R, Peters K W, Cohn I
Am J Surg. 1981 Nov;142(5):560-2. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(81)90425-6.
The records of patients treated for upper gastrointestinal bleeding from 1974 through 1978 were reviewed. Five percent of this group (69 patients) had bleeding due to the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Only 36 percent of patients had a correct admitting diagnosis. Esophagogastroscopy proved the most reliable diagnostic tool, with 94 percent of 63 patients studied having the diagnosis of Mallory-Weiss laceration confirmed. Initial management was medical in all patients. Twenty-one patients (30 percent) required operative intervention. There was a good correlation between the transfusion requirement and the need for operation. There were two deaths in this series; both were considered preventable. The Mallory-Weiss syndrome is common. Esophagogastroscopy performed early can result in a diagnostic accuracy rate of greater than 90 percent. Aggressive nonsurgical therapy after early diagnosis should continue to reduce the role of operation in the treatment of this condition. However, if bleeding continues after initial medical management, or if bleeding continues after 1,500 ml of blood is required, then surgical therapy should be instituted without delay.
回顾了1974年至1978年期间因上消化道出血接受治疗的患者记录。该组患者中有5%（69例）因马洛里-魏斯综合征出血。只有36%的患者入院诊断正确。食管胃镜检查被证明是最可靠的诊断工具，在接受检查的63例患者中，94%的患者确诊为马洛里-魏斯撕裂伤。所有患者的初始治疗均为内科治疗。21例患者（30%）需要手术干预。输血需求与手术需求之间存在良好的相关性。该系列中有2例死亡；两者均被认为是可预防的。马洛里-魏斯综合征很常见。早期进行食管胃镜检查可使诊断准确率超过90%。早期诊断后积极的非手术治疗应继续减少手术在该病治疗中的作用。然而，如果初始内科治疗后出血仍持续，或在需要1500毫升血液后仍持续出血，则应立即进行手术治疗。
